Bloating and distension

2024-05-28 16:33| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

How is bloating and distension treated?

The treatment will depend on the cause of the bloating and distension. If you have functional dyspepsia or IBS, you might want to try the treatments for those conditions.

Medicines:

Simethicone

Some medicines with simethicone may help reduce bloating in certain individuals. Simethicone-containing pills work by connecting smaller gas bubbles, to make larger bubbles. These are easier for the person to release. In this way it eases trapped wind. This medicine is also used to help babies with colic. You can check the label inside the wind relief tablet to see if it contains simethicone. Products containing simethicone are unsuitable for people taking Levothyroxine. This is because it can stop Levothyroxine being absorbed. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor to check it is suitable for you.

Peppermint oil medicine. Taking this medicine before meals for a month can reduce distension and bloating symptoms in some people. Peppermint in medicine capsule form was used. Your doctor can prescribe this for you. For some people, taking peppermint capsules can worsen heartburn and reflux symptoms. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about whether this medicine would be suitable for you.

Diet.

Simple changes to try to reduce bloating include:

Limit intake of gas-producing foods e.g. beans and pulses, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower. Limit sugar-free mints/chewing gum containing polyols (see FODMAPs description below). Eating oats (such as oat-based breakfast cereal or porridge). There is some evidence that Linseeds may be effective to reduce bloating. Take up to one tablespoon per day with a cup of fluid. Linseeds may take several weeks to show an effect.

For people who have been diagnosed with IBS, the diet may help reduce bloating symptoms. This is a second line diet therapy for IBS. Food causing wind and bloating can include range of components found in food. These are called FODMAPs. The acronym stands for fermentable oligosaccharides, di-saccharides, monosaccharides and polyols.

Oligosaccharides – there are two types, fructo-oligosaccharides and galacto-oligosaccharides. Fructo-oligosaccharides are found in wheat. Galacto-oligosaccharides are found in pulses – chickpeas, lentils, peas and beans. Di-saccharides – lactose, a di-saccharide, is a sugar found in milk. Monosaccharides – fructose is a monosaccharide sugar found in some fruits and vegetables. Fructose sugars are also added to foods to sweeten them. Polyols – sugar alcohols. These are often found in sugar free sweets, chewing gum and drinks. If a polyol is in a food, it can be identified from the ingredient list. Common names to check for are sorbitol, mannitol or erythritol.

The Low FODMAP diet is designed to help people identify foods that trigger symptoms. The FODMAP diet works for around a half to two thirds of people with IBS. This would be a second line diet treatment dietitians would consider. It is used when more simple diet advice is not effective. The diet includes three stages. In stage one, FODMAPs are reduced all at once and symptoms should then reduce to a manageable level. Foods are reintroduced to determine which ones are problematic once symptoms improve. This is an important learning stage of the diet. The person then follows a reduced FODMAP diet. A diet including tolerated FODMAP foods is important. This is because FODMAPs are important to gut health.

Most FODMAP foods are prebiotic. Prebiotics are food for gut bacteria and support the growth of beneficial bacteria. The diet is complex, it should be done with the help of a registered trained dietitian. There is no evidence that this diet works for other digestive diseases yet. But the diet can reduce bloating and distension in people with IBS.

Alpha-galactosidase

Alpha-galactosidase is an enzyme that can help digestion of foods containing galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS). GOS is generally found in peas, beans and pulses. Alpha galactosidase is in certain over the counter medicines that lessen gas. There is some evidence that it can help to reduce bloating. Ask your pharmacist about which ones might help you.

Biofeedback training

Pelvic floor biofeedback treatment can cut bloating and distension symptoms in half. This treatment is available from physiotherapists. This treatment may be difficult to access but you can ask your GP for a referral.

Probiotics

Probiotics are foods, drinks or capsules containing live bacteria or yeasts. They can be tried to help to reduce bloating in people who also have IBS. A specific strain or product cannot be advised at this time. Take the dose as the manufacturer recommends and try one product for at least 2 months. If they are effective, you may need to continue to take them.

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